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Aluminum13 magnesium ← aluminium → silicon B ↑ Al ↓ Ga periodic table General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Atomic mass 26.9815386(8) g/mol Electron configuration [Ne] 3s2 3p1 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 3 Physical properties Phase solid Density (near r.t.) 2.70 g/cm³ Liquid density at m.p. 2.375 g/cm³ Melting point 933.47 K (660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F) Boiling point 2792 K (2519 °C, 4566 °F) Heat of fusion 10.71 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 294.0 kJ/mol Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.200 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364 2790 Atomic properties Crystal structure cubic face centered Oxidation states 3 (amphoteric oxide) Electronegativity 1.61 (Pauling scale) Ionization energies (more) 1st: 577.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1816.7 kJ/mol 3rd: 2744.8 kJ/mol Atomic radius 125 pm Atomic radius (calc.) 118 pm Covalent radius 118 pm Miscellaneous Magnetic ordering paramagnetic Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 26.50 nΩ·m Thermal conductivity (300 K) 237 W/(m·K) Thermal expansion (25 °C) 23.1 µm/(m·K) Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) (rolled) 5000 m/s Young's modulus 70 GPa Shear modulus 26 GPa Bulk modulus 76 GPa Poisson ratio 0.35 Mohs hardness 2.75 Vickers hardness 167 MPa Brinell hardness 245 MPa CAS registry number 7429-90-5 Notable isotopes Main article: Isotopes of aluminium iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 26Al syn 7.17×105y β+ 1.17 26Mg ε - 26Mg γ 1.8086 - 27Al 100% Al is stable with 14 neutrons References Aluminium or aluminum (see the spelling section below) is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery and ductile member of the poor metal group of chemical elements. Aluminium is found primarily as the ore bauxite and is remarkable for its resistance to corrosion (due to the phenomenon of passivation) and its light weight. Aluminium is used in many industries to make millions of different products and is very important to the world economy. Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and very important in other areas of transportation and building in which light weight, durability, and strength are needed. Aluminium is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. Aluminium is nontoxic (as the metal), non-magnetic, and non-sparking. Pure aluminium has a tensile strength of about 49 megapascals (MPa) and 400 MPa if it is formed into an alloy. Aluminium is about one-third as dense as steel or copper; is malleable, ductile, and easily machined and cast; and has excellent corrosion resistance and durability due to the protective oxide layer. Aluminium mirror finish has the highest reflectance of any metal in the 200-400 nm (UV) , and the 3000-10000 nm (far IR) regions, while in the 400-700 nm visible range it is slightly outdone by silver, and in the 700-3000 (near IR) by silver, gold and copper. It is the second most malleable metal (after gold) and the sixth most ductile. Aluminium is a good heat conductor which is why it is used to make saucepans. Check out the following recipes that are tagged "Aluminum":
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